William J. Carner, Ph.D. is an Adjunct Professor of Marketing at the University of Missouri-Columbia. He also was founder of the marketing consulting firm, Carner & Associates, Ltd., which produced the Bancpen Reports, used by more than 2,500 financial institutions nationwide. He has more than 20 years of experience in the financial services industry and has done consulting work for such firms as R. L. Polk, Motorola, Arthur Anderson, Arthur D. Little, and McKinsey and Company. He has served various faculty and teaching positions at prestigious universities in Texas and Missouri. He has been on the faculty of industry schools for the Independent Bankers Association, Missouri Banker’s Association, and the Community Bankers Association of Pennsylvania. Dr. Carner’s articles and analyses have appeared in internationally acclaimed publications.